Solar panel | Solar panel act as components that transform sunlight into using solar cells. They serve as an eco-friendly and renewable energy source, reducing reliance on fossil fuels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_panel |
Solar thermal collector | A solar energy collector is a device that absorbs sunlight to generate heat, typically used for hot water production or room heating applications. It efficiently converts solar energy into thermal energy, reducing reliance on conventional energy sources. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_thermal_collector |
Solar thermal energy | Solar heat harnesses sun rays to generate warmth, which can be used for water heating, space warming, or power generation. It is a renewable and sustainable technology that reduces dependence on fossil fuels and lowers greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_thermal_energy |
Worthing | Worthing is a picturesque seaside town in West Sussex, England, known for its historic pier and vibrant promenade. It offers a enchanting blend of sandy beaches, cultural attractions, and outdoor activities perfect for visitors and residents alike. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Worthing |
England | England is a historic and historic-influenced nation in the United Kingdom known for its wealthy cultural heritage, iconic landmarks, and bustling cities like London. It boasts a mixed terrain of rolling hills, old castles, and lively city hubs that blend history with modern innovation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/England |
Sunlight | Solar light is the organic light emitted by the sun, essential for living organisms on Earth as it supplies fuel for photosynthesis and shapes climate and weather patterns. It also contributes to our well-being by regulating our circadian rhythms and enhancing vitamin D production. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunlight |
Electricity | Electricity is a kind of power generated by the movement of charged particles, primarily electrons. It powers innumerable systems and systems, enabling modern life and tech innovations. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity |
Photovoltaic | Solar technology converts solar radiation directly into power using solar panels composed of semiconductor materials. It is a sustainable energy source that reduces reliance on fossil fuels and helps mitigate environmental impact. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic |
Electrons | Electrons are tiny particles with a reversed electric charge that surround the nucleus of an atom, important for in chemical reactions and electricity. Their behavior and interactions affect the electrical conductivity and chemical properties of elements. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrons |
Direct current | Direct current is the unidirectional stream of electric charge, usually produced by battteries, electrical sources, and solar cells. It provides a steady voltage or current, making it necessary for electronic devices and low-voltage. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_current |
Battery (electricity) | A power source is a unit that stores chemical energy and converts it into electrical energy to operate various electronic gadgets. It includes multiple electrochemical cells, each comprising positive and negative electrodes interposed by an ionic solution. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battery_(electricity) |
Photovoltaic system | An solar power system converts solar radiation directly into power using photovoltaic panels made of semiconductor cells. It is an eco-friendly power option that minimizes reliance on non-renewable energy sources and promotes renewable energy production. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_system |
Solar inverter | A photovoltaic inverter is a unit that changes DC produced by solar panels into AC appropriate for household use and utility connection. It is essential for optimizing energy use and guaranteeing secure, consistent energy output from solar energy systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_inverter |
Alternating current | Alternating current is an electric current that reverses polarity cyclically, typically used in home and commercial power supplies. It enables effective transmission of electricity over great lengths and is characterized by its voltage and current waveforms, usually sinusoidal. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternating_current |
Charge controller | A power management device is a device that controls the voltage and current coming from a solar panel to prevent batteries from excess charging and harm. It ensures optimal energy flow and extends the lifespan of the battery bank. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charge_controller |
Measuring instrument | A survey tool is a tool used to measure the dimension, quantity, or level of something accurately. It includes gadgets like scales, thermometers, and manometers that provide exact readings for various applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Measuring_instrument |
Solar tracker | A solar tracker is a system that automatically adjusts the orientation of solar panels to track the sun's movement during the day, enhancing energy absorption. This technology boosts the efficiency of solar power systems by keeping optimal sun exposure. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_tracker |
Solar farms | Solar power plants are massive installations that capture sunlight to produce electricity using numerous solar panels. They offer a sustainable and sustainable energy source, decreasing reliance on carbon-based fuels and decreasing greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_farms |
Rooftop solar power | Roof-mounted solar energy involves setting up photovoltaic panels on building roofs to create electricity from sunlight. This renewable energy source helps minimize reliance on non-renewable fuels and reduces greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rooftop_solar_power |
Grid-connected photovoltaic system | A grid-connected solar power system transforms sunlight into electricity and feeds excess power directly into the utility grid, providing a sustainable energy solution. It enhances energy efficiency and cuts down reliance on fossil fuels while enabling users to benefit from potential energy credits. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grid-connected_photovoltaic_system |
Greenhouse gas emissions | Greenhouse gas emissions refer to the release of gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, and N2O into the atmosphere, primarily from anthropogenic sources like burning fossil fuels and tree clearing. These gases trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere, leading to global warming and climate change. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_gas_emissions |
Solar power satellite | A solar satellite is an artificial satellite equipped with solar panels that absorb sunlight and generate power. This power is then transmitted wirelessly to our planet for use as a clean, renewable power source. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_power_satellite |
Home energy storage | Home energy storage systems retain excess electricity generated from renewable energy or the power grid for subsequent consumption, enhancing energy independence and efficiency. These systems commonly employ batteries to offer backup power, reduce energy costs, and support grid robustness. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_energy_storage |
Timeline of solar cells | The history of photovoltaic cells documents the progress and improvements in photovoltaic technology from the initial finding of the photovoltaic effect to contemporary high-efficiency solar arrays. It features significant milestones, including the development of the first silicon photovoltaic cell in 1954 and continuous advances that have significantly improved power transformation and economic viability. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_solar_cells |
Edmond Becquerel | Becquerel was a French-born scientist renowned for his innovative work in the study of the solar effect and luminescence. His experiments laid the groundwork for grasping how illumination interacts with particular media to create electricity. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmond_Becquerel |
Willoughby Smith | Smith was a British electrician and researcher known for finding out the photoconductivity of Se in 1873. His work formed the basis for the development of the photo-sensitive device and advancements in initial photography and electronic technologies. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willoughby_Smith |
Selenium | Selenium is an open-source framework used for automating web browsers, allowing testers to simulate user interactions and verify web application functionalities. It supports multiple programming languages and browsers, making it a flexible tool for test automation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selenium |
William Grylls Adams | William Grylls Adams was a UK physicist renowned for his pioneering work in the study of light and optical science, particularly the discovery of the polarization of luminescence reflected from transparent materials. His research significantly contributed to the understanding of electromagnetic waves and the development of optical science. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Grylls_Adams |
Charles Fritts | Charles Fritts was a an United States inventor who developed the first working selenium solar cell in 1883. His groundbreaking work laid the foundation for the current photovoltaic industry. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Fritts |
Coal-fired power plant | An coal-fired power plant generates electricity by firing coal to produce vapor that rotates turbines connected to generators. This process releases large amounts of carbon dioxide and other pollutants into the atmosphere. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal-fired_power_plant |
Russell Ohl | Russell Ohl was an United States scientist credited with discovering the solar cell and improving the understanding of semiconductor materials. His work laid the foundation for modern solar energy technology and the manufacture of silicon-based solar panels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russell_Ohl |
Bell Labs | Bell Laboratories is a renowned R&D organization traditionally associated with AT&T, known for pioneering innovations in communications, computing, and materials science. It has been the birthplace of countless groundbreaking inventions, including the transistor and the laser technology. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_Labs |
Silicon | Silicon is a element with the symbol Si and atomic number 14, well known for its key role in the manufacturing of electronic devices and solar panels. It is a solid, brittle crystalline substance with a steel-gray metallic luster, mainly utilized as a semi-conductor in the technology sector. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon |
Micro-inverter | A micro-inverter is a compact device installed on each solar module to change direct current (DC) into alternating current (AC) on-site. This technology increases system efficiency, enables enhanced performance oversight, and improves energy yield in solar energy setups. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micro-inverter |
Solar cell | A solar module is a component that turns sunlight straight into electricity through the solar energy process. It is commonly used in solar panels to supply a renewable and eco-friendly energy power. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_cell |
PV system | An PV (photovoltaic) system converts sunlight immediately into electricity using solar panels composed of semiconductor cells. It is a green energy technology that delivers eco-friendly power for residential, commercial, and utility-scale applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PV_system |
Photon | A photon acts as a elementary particle which represents a quantum of light and other electromagnetic radiation, carrying energy and momentum and energy without possessing rest mass. It has a crucial role in the connections between matter and electromagnetic fields, allowing phenomena including reflection, refraction, and quantum communication. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photon |
Photovoltaic effect | The PV effect is the phenomenon by which specific substances transform sunlight directly into electricity through the creation of electron-hole pairs. This phenomenon is the basic principle behind solar panel systems, facilitating the utilization of solar solar power for energy creation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_effect |
Wafer (electronics) | An wafer in electronics is a thin slice of semiconductor material, typically silicon, used as the foundation for fabricating integrated circuits. It functions as the main platform where microchips are built through processes like doping, etching, and lamination. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wafer_(electronics) |
Crystalline silicon | Crystalline silicon is a extremely pure form of silicon used primarily in the manufacturing of photovoltaic cells and electronic components due to its outstanding semiconductor properties. Its regular, systematic crystal lattice enables optimal electrical conductivity and energy conversion. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystalline_silicon |
Thin film solar cell | Thin film solar cells are a type of photovoltaic technology characterized by their light, pliable configuration, and capacity for large-area manufacturing at a reduced expense. They use strata of semiconductor substances only a few micrometers thick to effectively turn sunlight into electrical energy. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin_film_solar_cell |
Dead and live loads | Dead loads refer to the static forces exerted by the mass of construction parts and fixed equipment, while live loads are temporary forces such as people, furniture, and weather conditions. Both are critical considerations in structural design to ensure safety and stability. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dead_and_live_loads |
Series and parallel circuits | Series circuits link components in a line, so the same current flows through all devices, while parallel circuits link components across the same voltage source, allowing multiple paths for current. These layouts influence the circuit's total resistance, current distribution, and voltage drops. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Series_and_parallel_circuits |
Electric power | Electrification is the rate at which electric power is transferred by an electrical circuit, primarily used to operate devices and appliances. Produced through various sources such as coal, oil, and natural gas, nuclear power, and renewable energy, and crucial for contemporary living. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_power |
Watt | A watt is a unit of power in the metric system, representing the speed of energy movement or conversion. It is the same as one joule per second. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watt |
Voltage | Voltage is the electric pressure difference between two points, which causes the movement of electrical current in a circuit. It is measured in volts and shows the energy per individual charge available to shift electrons. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage |
Volt | A voltage is the standard unit of electric potential, voltage difference, and electromotive force in the metric system. It measures the potential energy per unit charge between points in an electrical circuit. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volt |
Electric current | Electric flow is the movement of electrical charge through a metal wire, commonly measured in A. It is necessary for energizing electronic devices and facilitating the functioning of electrical circuits. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_current |
Ampere | Amp is the measure of electric flow in the SI units, represented by A. It quantifies the flow of electrical charge through a wire over a time span. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampere |
Electrical load | Electrical load is the term for the level of electrical power or current demanded by appliances and Electrical load in a circuit. It determines the layout and capacity of power systems to guarantee safe and optimized energy distribution. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_load |
Junction box | A electrical box is an electrical casing used to safely house wire connections, providing a core for wiring in electrical systems. It ensures organized and secure connections, preventing electrical hazards and facilitating maintenance. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Junction_box |
MC4 connector | The MC4 is a uniform photovoltaic connector used to link solar panels in a secure and dependable manner. It features a clip-in design with waterproof sealing, guaranteeing durability and effective electrical connection in outdoor solar power systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MC4_connector |
USB power | USB power provides a simple and uniform method of providing electrical energy to devices through universal ports. It is frequently used for charging and feeding a wide range of electronic gadgets, from smartphones to peripherals. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB_power |
Power inverter | A power converter is a device that changes direct current (DC) from inputs like batteries or photovoltaic arrays into AC suitable for home devices. It enables the use of regular electrical equipment in settings where only direct current electricity is present. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_inverter |
Battery pack | A battery pack functions as an collection of several individual batteries created to store and supply electrical energy for various devices. This provides portable power solutions for electronics, electric vehicles, and renewable energy systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battery_pack |
Solar tracking | Solar panel tracking solutions automatically align the orientation of solar panels to follow the solar trajectory throughout the daytime, enhancing power intake. This technology increases the effectiveness of solar power gathering by keeping optimal solar array alignment. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_tracking |
Maximum power point tracking | Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is a technique used to enhance the power output of solar energy systems by constantly tuning the performance point to correspond to the peak power point of the photovoltaic modules. This process guarantees the best performance energy extraction, especially under differing environmental factors. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximum_power_point_tracking |
Power optimizer | A power optimizer serves as a device used in solar energy systems to optimize energy output by separately optimizing the performance of each solar panel. It increases overall system efficiency by minimizing energy loss caused by shading, dirt, or panel mismatch. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_optimizer |
Solar performance monitor | A photovoltaic performance monitor is a instrument that observes and examines the efficiency of solar power systems in instantaneous, providing useful data on energy generation and system status. It helps optimize solar energy generation by detecting issues ahead of time and securing optimal output. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_performance_monitor |
Thin-film solar cell | Flexible solar cells are flexible, multi-purpose photovoltaic devices made by depositing slim layers of semiconductor materials onto substrates. They offer a affordable and versatile alternative to traditional silicon-based solar panels, with applications in multiple portable and building-integrated energy solutions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin-film_solar_cell |
Solar cells | Photovoltaic cells convert sun rays directly into electricity through the solar energy conversion process, making them a renewable energy source. They are frequently used in photovoltaic modules to power homes, appliances, and complete solar power systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_cells |
Polycrystalline silicon | Polycrystalline silicon, also known as polysilicon, is a substance composed of numerous tiny silicon lattice structures, frequently used in photovoltaic panels and microchip production. Its manufacturing process involves melting and recrystallizing silicon to generate a high-purity, polycrystalline form fit for electronic components. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polycrystalline_silicon |
Monocrystalline silicon | Monocrystalline silicon is a high-purity variant of silicon with a continuous crystal framework, making it extremely capable for use in solar panels and electronic devices. Its uniform formation allows for enhanced electron transfer, resulting in higher efficiency compared to other silicon types. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monocrystalline_silicon |
Cadmium telluride photovoltaics | CdTe photovoltaics constitute a kind of thin-film solar method that offers a affordable and effective alternative for massive solar energy harvesting. They are their excellent absorption capability and comparatively affordable manufacturing costs in comparison with traditional silicon-based solar panels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium_telluride_photovoltaics |
Copper indium gallium selenide solar cell | CuInGaSe2 solar cells are laminate solar devices that use a multi-layered material of Cu, In, Ga, and selenium to convert sunlight into power effectively. They are known for their high absorption efficiency, bendability, and capability for compact, affordable solar power solutions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper_indium_gallium_selenide_solar_cell |
Amorphous silicon | Non-crystalline silicon is a non-ordered atomic structure, making it more adaptable and more straightforward to layer than crystalline silicon. It is frequently used in solar panels and electronic components due to its cost-effectiveness and adaptable properties. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amorphous_silicon |
Third-generation photovoltaic cell | Third-generation photovoltaic panels aim to outperform traditional solar cell efficiencies by utilizing cutting-edge materials and new techniques such as stacked stacks, quantum dots, and organic-inorganic hybrids. These technologies focus on optimizing energy conversion, reducing costs, and broadening applicability to various environments. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third-generation_photovoltaic_cell |
Multi-junction solar cell | Multi-layered solar panels are advanced photovoltaic modules that utilize several p-n junctions arranged together to absorb a more extensive range of the solar spectrum, significantly boosting their efficiency. They are primarily applied in space applications and high-efficiency solar power systems due to their excellent energy conversion capabilities. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-junction_solar_cell |
Solar panels on spacecraft | Solar panels on spacecraft are essential devices that transform sunlight into electric power to supply onboard equipment. Usually lightweight, durable, and built for efficient operation in the demanding space environment. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_panels_on_spacecraft |
Compound semiconductor | Compound semiconductors are substances composed of multiple elements, typically involving a metal and a non-metal, used in high-frequency electronic and optoelectronic devices. They offer superior performance in applications such as laser devices, light-emitting diodes, and high-frequency switching devices compared to traditional silicon-based semiconductors. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compound_semiconductor |
Gallium arsenide | GaAs is a compound-based semiconductor recognized for its high electron mobility and efficiency in RF and optoelectronic applications. It is frequently used in components such as microwave circuits, infrared LEDs, and solar cells. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallium_arsenide |
Concentrator photovoltaics | CPV utilize optics or reflectors to concentrate sunlight onto very efficient multi-band solar cells, substantially improving energy transformation efficiency. This technique is ideal for large capacity solar power plants in zones with direct sunlight, offering a economical approach for large-scale energy needs. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentrator_photovoltaics |
Thin-film silicon | Flexible silicon is a type of photovoltaic material used in solar cells, characterized by its compact and bendable form factor. It offers a economical alternative to traditional silicon wafers, with applications in solar building materials and portable power sources. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin-film_silicon |
CIGS solar cell | CIGS thin-film solar cell utilize a delicate coating of copper indium gallium selenide as the photovoltaic material, known for excellent energy conversion and flexibility. They offer a lightweight, cost-effective alternative to standard silicon solar arrays with great output in various environmental conditions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CIGS_solar_cell |
Thin-film | Thin-film describes a fine layer of material, often measured in nanometers or micrometers, used in various technological applications. These films are crucial in electronic devices, optical systems, and films for their unique physical and chemical characteristics. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin-film |
Rooftop solar PV | Rooftop solar PV systems harness solar energy to generate electricity directly on building rooftops, providing a eco-friendly and affordable energy solution. They help decrease use of fossil fuels, reduce electricity bills, and contribute to green initiatives. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rooftop_solar_PV |
Thin film | A layer of material is a layer of material spanning a few nanometers to a few microns in thickness, often placed on surfaces for purposeful functions. These films are used in various industries, including electronics industry, optical technologies, and medical applications, to modify surface characteristics or create specific device functionalities. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin_film |
Nanometers | Nanometric units are measurement units equivalent to one-billionth of a meter, commonly used to illustrate very tiny distances at the atomic and molecular scale. They are essential in areas such as nanotechnology, physics, and chemistry for gauging structures and particles at the nano level. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanometers |
Micrometers | Calipers are high-precision devices used to precisely measure minute thicknesses or thicknesses, commonly in machining and manufacturing. They feature a calibrated screw device that allows for precise readings, often down to thousandths of an inch or hundredths of a millimeter. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micrometers |
Silicon wafer | A silicon disc is a slender, circular piece of silicon crystal used as the platform for manufacturing semiconductor devices. It functions as the core material in the manufacture of semiconductor chips and electronic components. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon_wafer |
Copper indium gallium selenide solar cells | Copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) solar cells are thin-film photovoltaic devices known for their superior output and bendability, perfect for various uses. They use a multilayer layered semiconductor setup that converts sunlight directly into electricity with excellent efficiency in low-light settings. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper_indium_gallium_selenide_solar_cells |
Multi-crystalline silicon | Polycrystalline silicon is a kind of silicon used in solar panels, characterized by its multiple crystal grains that give it a grainy appearance. It is recognized for being cost-effective and having a comparatively high efficiency in transforming sunlight into power. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-crystalline_silicon |
Solar PV systems | Photovoltaic systems convert sun rays directly into energy using PV cells, offering a green energy source for household, business, and utility-scale applications. They provide a environmentally friendly, sustainable, and economical way to decrease reliance on non-renewable energy sources and decrease carbon footprint. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_PV_systems |
Perovskite solar cell | Perovskite solar cells are a type of photovoltaic technology that uses perovskite-structured compounds as the light-harvesting layer, known for their high efficiency and low-cost manufacturing. These cell have rapidly advanced in performance, making them a promising alternative to traditional silicon-based solar panels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perovskite_solar_cell |
Dye-sensitized solar cell | A photo-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is a photovoltaic device that converts sunlight into electrical energy using a photosensitive dye to take in light and create electron flow. It offers a affordable and flexible alternative to standard silicon-based solar cells, with possibility for clear and lightweight applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dye-sensitized_solar_cell |
Quantum dot solar cell | Quantum dot solar cell cells utilize nanos semiconductor particles to enhance light capture and energy conversion through quantum confinement effects. This technology offers the potential for cost-effective, adaptable, and highly efficient solar energy harvesting solutions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_dot_solar_cell |
Organic solar cell | Organic photovoltaic devices are photovoltaic units that use carbon-based molecules, to convert solar radiation into electrical power. They are compact, pliable, and offer the potential for cost-effective, extensive solar energy applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_solar_cell |
CZTS | CZTS (Copper is a advantageous electronic compound used in thin-film solar modules due to its earth-abundant and safe elements. Its superior optical-electronic properties make it an appealing substitute for eco-friendly photovoltaic applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CZTS |
Building integrated photovoltaics | Building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) seamlessly incorporate solar energy technology into the design of construction components, such as rooftops, outer walls, and fenestration. This innovative approach enhances energy efficiency while maintaining visual attractiveness and building integrity. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_integrated_photovoltaics |
Transparency and translucency | Transparency allows light to penetrate a material with minimal distortion, making objects behind clearly visible. Translucency permits light to spread through, hiding detailed view but still allowing shapes and light to pass through. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transparency_and_translucency |
Window tinting | Window film installation involves placing a light film to the interior or exterior of automobiles or edifices glazing to reduce glare, heat, and UV radiation. It enhances privacy, increases energy efficiency, and gives a sleek aesthetic to any window. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Window_tinting |
List of photovoltaic power stations | A catalog of PV power stations details various large-scale solar energy facilities around the planet, demonstrating their power and sites. These plants play a vital role in renewable energy generation and worldwide efforts to reduce carbon releases. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_photovoltaic_power_stations |
Photovoltaic power stations | Photovoltaic power stations are extensive systems that transform sunlight directly into electricity using solar modules. They are crucial in clean energy production, cutting dependence on coal and oil, and lowering greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_power_stations |
Environmental issues | Environmental challenges encompass a wide range of issues such as pollution, global warming, and forest loss that threaten the health of our planet. Addressing these problems requires collective efforts to promote green approaches and protect wild habitats. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_issues |
Renewable energy | Green energy comes from natural sources that are renewably replenished, such as the sun, wind, and hydroelectric power. It offers a sustainable option to traditional fuels, minimizing environmental harm and supporting sustainable energy security. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renewable_energy |
Non-renewable energy | Non-sustainable energy resources, such as coal, oil, and natural gas, are finite resources formed over extensive periods and are depleted when used. They are the main power sources for electricity generation and vehicle operation but pose ecological and environmental and sustainability challenges. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-renewable_energy |
Electricity generation | Electricity generation involves converting various energy types such as fossil fuels, nuclear power, and renewable resources into electricity. This process generally happens in power stations where rotating machinery and generators work together to produce power for grid delivery. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity_generation |
Heavy metals | Heavy metals are compact, toxic elements such as Pb, Hg, Cd, and arsenic that pose significant health and environmental risks due to their persistence and bioaccumulation. They are commonly found in industrial emissions, contaminated water, and certain consumer products, requiring careful management to prevent adverse effects. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy_metals |
Solar-cell efficiency | Photovoltaic performance indicates how well a solar cell converts sunlight into usable electrical energy. Boosting this efficiency is essential for increasing renewable energy output and decreasing reliance on fossil fuels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar-cell_efficiency |
Photoelectric effect | The photoelectric phenomenon occurs when radiation shining on a metallic surface ejects electrons from that surface, demonstrating the particle nature of light. This occurrence provided key evidence for the development of quantum theory by showing that light energy is quantified. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoelectric_effect |
Accelerated life testing | Enhanced life testing involves exposing products to higher-than-normal stresses to rapidly assess their durability and estimate their lifespan under normal conditions. This method helps identify potential failures and boost product reliability efficiently. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accelerated_life_testing |
Growth of photovoltaics | The growth of solar energy systems has sped up rapidly over the past ten years, driven by innovations and reducing prices. This development is transforming the international energy scene by boosting the portion of clean solar power in electricity generation processes. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Growth_of_photovoltaics |
Utility-scale solar | Utility-scale solar pertains to large solar power installations designed to generate electricity on a commercial scale, delivering power directly to the grid. These installations typically cover extensive areas and utilize PV modules or solar heating systems to produce renewable energy cost-effectively. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utility-scale_solar |
Lens (optics) | A optic is a clear component that refracts light to focus or separate rays, forming images. It is often used in equipment like cameras, glasses, and microscopes to manipulate light for better vision and imaging. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lens_(optics) |
Angle of incidence (optics) | The angle of incidence is the measure between an approaching light ray and the perpendicular line orthogonal to the surface at the contact point. It controls how light interacts with the surface, affecting reflection and refraction properties. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angle_of_incidence_(optics) |
Anti-reflective coating | Anti-glare coating is a delicate film applied to vision surfaces to reduce glare and improve light transmission. It boosts the crispness and brightness of optical devices by cutting down on stray reflections. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-reflective_coating |
Destructive interference | Canceling interference occurs when a pair of waves meet in a manner that that their amplitudes counteract each other, leading to a diminution or complete elimination of the combined wave. This occurrence typically happens when these waves are out of phase by half a cycle. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Destructive_interference |
Alternating Current | AC is a type of electrical flow that changes polarity, commonly employed in electrical distribution networks. Its voltage varies in a sinusoidal pattern throughout its cycle, enabling effective conveyance over long distances. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternating_Current |
Microinverter | A small inverter is a tiny entity used to convert direct current (DC) from a single solar module into alternating current (AC) suitable for domestic use. It improves system efficiency by maximizing power output at the module level and eases installation and upkeep. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microinverter |
AC power | AC electrical energy, or alternating current power, is electrical energy delivered through a network where the voltage and current regularly reverse direction, enabling optimized transmission over vast spans. It is frequently used in homes and factories to operate multiple appliances and machinery. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AC_power |
DC connector | A DC connector is a type of electrical connector used to supply direct current (DC) power from a power source to an electronic equipment. It usually consists of a tube-shaped plug and jack that ensure a firm and trustworthy connection for multiple electronic uses. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DC_connector |
Underwriters Laboratories | UL is a global security approval organization that tests and endorses products to confirm they adhere to specific security norms. It helps consumers and firms recognize dependable and secure products through rigorous review and testing methods. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underwriters_Laboratories |
Series circuits | Series circuits are electronic networks in which parts are connected end-to-end, forming a single path for current. In this setup, the constant current passes through all components, and the sum voltage is divided among them. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Series_circuits |
Parallel circuits | Parallel electrical circuits are electronic circuits where parts are connected across the same voltage source, giving multiple paths for current flow. This configuration allows units to operate autonomously, with the total current split among the branches. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallel_circuits |
Diode | An diode is a semiconductor device that permits current to move in a single way only, serving as a single-direction valve for electrical current. It is commonly used for rectification, signal demodulation, and voltage regulation in circuit networks. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diode |
Automobile auxiliary power outlet | An vehicle auxiliary power outlet is a port, typically 12V, designed to provide electrical power for different devices and add-ons within a car. It enables users to recharge electronic gadgets or run small appliances while on the go. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobile_auxiliary_power_outlet |
USB | USB (Universal Serial Bus) is a technology for connecting devices to PCs, allowing data transmission and electric power. It backs a broad spectrum of peripherals such as keyboards, mouses, external drives, and smartphones, with various versions providing increased speeds and improved performance. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB |
Solar cell efficiency | Solar cell efficiency refers to the percentage of sunlight energy that a photovoltaic cell converts into usable energy. Enhancing this efficiency is crucial for optimizing energy output and making solar power economical and sustainable. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_cell_efficiency |
National Renewable Energy Laboratory | The National Renewable Energy Laboratory is a U.S. DOE national laboratory dedicated to R&D in green energy and energy conservation technologies. It is committed to advancing developments in solar power, wind power, biomass energy, and additional renewable sources to support a sustainable energy future. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Renewable_Energy_Laboratory |
Electromagnetic spectrum | The electromagnetic spectrum encompasses the entire range of EM radiation, spanning from wireless signals to gamma radiation, all possessing different wavelengths and power. This band is essential for many technologies and natural events, allowing signal transmission, medical imaging, and understanding of the cosmos. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_spectrum |
Ultraviolet | Ultraviolet light is a form of EM radiation with a wave length shorter than visible light but longer than X-rays, primarily produced by the solar radiation. It plays a important role in such as vitamin D production but can also lead to skin damage and photoaging. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolet |
Infrared | Infrared radiation is a form of electromagnetic wave with extended wavelengths than visible light, primarily emitted as heat by objects. It is widely used in remote controls, thermal imaging, and various sensing technologies. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrared |
Monochromatic | Uniform color refers to a color scheme based on shades of a individual hue, using different shades, tints, and tones to create harmony and unity. This composition approach emphasizes simplicity and grace by maintaining steady color elements throughout a layout. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monochromatic |
Irradiance | Irradiance refers to the strength of electromagnetic radiation per square unit incident on a surface, usually measured in watts per sq meter. It is a important parameter in areas like solar energy, climate science, and photobiology, demonstrating the strength of sunlight reaching a particular zone. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irradiance |
W/m2 | W/m2 is a unit of measurement used to calculate the strength of power or energy flow received or emitted over a particular area, often in areas such as meteorology, astronomy, and engineering. It assists with understanding the distribution and transfer of radiation across areas, such as solar radiation reaching the Earth's surface. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W/m2 |
Spectrum | Spectrum refers to the range of various colors or wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation, perceptible or otherwise. It is frequently used to illustrate the distribution of light or signal frequencies in different scientific and technological fields. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectrum |
Airmass | An air mass is a large mass of air with fairly uniform temperature and dampness properties, deriving from from particular starting zones. These airmass influence weather patterns and sky conditions as they move across diverse areas. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airmass |
Solar irradiance | Sun's energy output is the assessment of the power per square kilometer received from the Sun in the form of light. It varies with solar cycles and Earth's atmospheric conditions, influencing global climate and meteorological phenomena. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_irradiance |
Soiling (solar energy) | Contamination in photovoltaic systems refers to the accumulation of dirt, and foreign matter on the exterior of solar panels, which decreases their performance. Consistent upkeep and servicing are necessary to minimize energy loss and maintain optimal performance. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soiling_(solar_energy) |
Open-circuit voltage | Open-circuit voltage represents the maximum voltage available from a power source when no current is flowing, taken across its terminals. It shows the potential difference of a device when it is unplugged from any load. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-circuit_voltage |
Short-circuit current | Short-circuit current represents the maximum electrical current that passes through a circuit when a reduced resistance connection, or short circuit, takes place, going around the normal load. It creates a considerable safety hazard and can result in damage to electrical components if not properly controlled. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short-circuit_current |
Watt-peak | Watt-peak (Wp) is a assessment of the maximum power generation of a solar array under ideal sunlight conditions. It shows the module's peak potential to generate electricity in standard testing setups . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watt-peak |
Voltmeter | A electrical potential meter is an electrical instrument used to check the electrical potential between separate points in a electronic circuit. It is frequently utilized in numerous electrical and electronic setups to verify proper voltage measurements | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltmeter |
Potential-induced degradation | Potential-induced degradation (PID) is a occurrence in photovoltaic modules where elevated voltage stress causes a notable reduction in power output and efficiency. It occurs due to current leakage and ion migration within the photovoltaic materials, leading to degradation over time. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potential-induced_degradation |
Boron | Boron serves as a semi-metal chemical element essential for plant development and employed in different industrial applications, like glassmaking and semiconductor manufacturing. It possesses special chemical properties that cause it valuable in creating durable, heat-resistant materials. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boron |
Photovoltaic mounting system | A photovoltaic mounting system securely supports solar panels, ensuring ideal tilt and orientation for maximum sunlight exposure. It is designed to withstand external conditions while providing a stable and long-lasting foundation for solar energy installations. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_mounting_system |
Solar power plant | A solar power plant captures sunlight using large groups of photovoltaic panels to produce renewable electricity. It offers an green energy source, diminishing reliance on fossil fuels and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_power_plant |
Agrivoltaics | Agrivoltaics is the combined approach of using land for both solar energy generation and cultivation, optimizing space and resources. This method improves crop production while simultaneously generating renewable energy, promoting sustainable land use. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agrivoltaics |
Bifacial solar cells | Bifacial photovoltaic cells are solar energy devices able to absorb sunlight on both sides, boosting overall energy generation. They are commonly positioned in a way that improves effectiveness by utilizing albedo effect and bounced sunlight from the environment. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bifacial_solar_cells |
Solar canopy | A sun-powered canopy is a installation that provides shade while creating electricity through integrated solar panels. It is frequently installed in parking lots, walkways, or open spaces to blend environmental benefits with functional design. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_canopy |
Solar array | A solar array is a group of several photovoltaic modules designed to create electricity from sunlight. It is often used in green energy setups to generate clean, sustainable power for different applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_array |
Patio cover | A outdoor cover is a structure that offers shade and shelter from the elements for exterior areas. It boosts the functionality and visual charm of a patio, making it a cozy space for leisure and gatherings. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patio_cover |
Zenith angle | The angle measured from directly overhead is the angle between the upright line directly overhead and the line of sight to a heavenly body. It is used in astronomy and meteorology to indicate the position of celestial entities in the sky relative to an observer. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zenith_angle |
Azimuth angle | The compass bearing is a azimuth measured clockwise from a reference direction, usually true north, to the line between an viewer to a point of interest. It is frequently used in navigation, mapping, and astronomy to specify the orientation of an object relative to the observer. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azimuth_angle |
Occupational hazards of solar panel installation | Setting up solar panels exposes workers to risks such as falls from heights and electricity shocks, requiring proper safety measures. Additionally, exposure to harsh weather conditions and potential musculoskeletal injuries pose significant Occupational hazards of solar panel installation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_hazards_of_solar_panel_installation |
Cadmium telluride | Cadmium telluride is a electronic substance widely used in thin-film solar panels due to its superior efficiency and cost efficiency. It demonstrates excellent optical features, making it a popular choice for solar applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium_telluride |
List of photovoltaics companies | A directory of photovoltaics companies showcases the major manufacturers and suppliers expert in solar panel technology and renewable energy solutions globally. These companies are essential in advancing solar energy integration and innovation across multiple markets. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_photovoltaics_companies |
Gigawatt | A gigawatt is a quantity of power equal to one billion W, used to measure large-scale electricity production and usage. It is typically associated with generating stations, power grids, and significant energy projects worldwide. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigawatt |
First Solar | First Solar Inc is a worldwide leader in solar power solutions, expert in manufacturing thin film solar cells that deliver high efficiency and affordable energy production. The firm is focused on eco-friendly energy development and reducing the world dependency on fossil fuels through advanced solar technology. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Solar |
GCL System Integration Technology | GCL System Integration Technology expertise in seamlessly integrating various elements of factory and automated systems to enhance efficiency and dependability. It aims on building innovative solutions that enable seamless communication and interoperability among various technological platforms. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GCL_System_Integration_Technology |
Shunfeng Photovoltaic | Shunfeng Photovoltaic is an top Chinese firm specializing in the manufacturing and development of photovoltaic solar goods and services. Famous for cutting-edge technology and eco-friendly energy programs in the renewables industry. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shunfeng_Photovoltaic |
GigaWatt | GigaWatt is a measurement of power equal to 1,000,000,000 watts, often used to indicate the ability of massively scaled electricity production or consumption. It underscores the huge energy extent involved in current power framework and technology. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GigaWatt |
Experience curve effects | Experience curve effects refer to the effect where the unit cost reduces as overall production increases, due to learning and improvements gained over time. This effect highlights the value of accumulated experience in lowering costs and improving productivity in industrial processes and other procedures. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experience_curve_effects |
Photovoltaics | Photovoltaic systems convert sunlight immediately into electricity using semiconductor substances, primarily silicon. This system is a clean, sustainable energy source that aids cut down reliance on fossil fuels and decreases greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaics |
Grid parity | Grid parity occurs when the price of creating solar or wind energy is equivalent to or less than the price of purchasing power from the power grid. Achieving Grid parity means that renewable energy technologies are financially comparable with conventional fossil fuels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grid_parity |
Mains electricity | Mains electricity acts as the primary electrical power supplied to houses and businesses through a system of power lines, delivering a dependable source of energy for numerous appliances. It generally operates at a voltage of around 120V or 230V, according to the nation, and is supplied through alternating current (AC). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mains_electricity |
Balance of system | Balance of system (BOS) refers to all elements of a solar power system apart from the photovoltaic panels, such as inverters, racking, wiring, and other electrical hardware. It is vital for guaranteeing the optimum and consistent operation of a solar energy installation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balance_of_system |
Solar energy | Sunlight is absorbed from the sun's rays using photovoltaic panels to convert electricity or through solar heating systems to provide warmth. It is a sustainable, eco-friendly, and planet-friendly source of power that limits the use of fossil fuels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_energy |
Applications of photovoltaics | Photovoltaics are widely utilized in domestic, business, and factory environments to create clean, sustainable electricity from sunlight. They also supply remote and off-grid locations, providing renewable energy solutions where traditional power grids are not accessible. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applications_of_photovoltaics |
List of solar-powered products | A collection of solar energy goods features a selection of tools that harness sunlight to produce energy, encouraging eco-friendly and eco-conscious living. These solutions include ranging from solar power banks and lights to appliances and outdoor gear, offering flexible alternatives for power needs. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_solar-powered_products |
Photovoltaic power station | A photovoltaic power station is a installation that converts sunlight immediately into electricity using solar panels. It is a sustainable energy source that helps reduce reliance on fossil fuels and decreases greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_power_station |
Solar hybrid power systems | Solar hybrid power systems integrate solar panels with alternative energy sources, such as wind or diesel generators, to ensure a reliable and efficient power supply. They enhance energy use by managing renewable resources and backup options, cutting reliance on fossil fuels and reducing overall emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_hybrid_power_systems |
Concentrated photovoltaics | Concentrated photovoltaics use optical lenses and mirrors focusing solar radiation onto high-performance photovoltaic cells, significantly enhancing power output using less space. This approach is particularly effective where direct, strong sunlight and offers a promising approach to lowering expenses related to solar energy. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentrated_photovoltaics |